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Macrophages in treating atherosclerosis

Macrophages, integral components of the immune system, play a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and combating infections. In recent years, researchers have uncovered the diverse applications of macrophages in disease treatment research.

Atherosclerosis, a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases, involves the accumulation of plaques within arterial walls. Macrophages contribute significantly to the progression and resolution of atherosclerotic lesions. When low-density lipoproteins (LDL) infiltrate arterial walls and undergo oxidation, macrophages are recruited to clear the debris. However, persistent exposure to oxidized LDL can lead to macrophage dysfunction and the formation of foam cells, a hallmark of atherosclerosis.

Researchers are exploring ways to harness the therapeutic potential of macrophages in treating atherosclerosis. Modulating macrophage activity through immunomodulatory agents or gene therapy holds promise in mitigating plaque formation and promoting plaque stability. Additionally, advancements in nanomedicine allow for targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to macrophages within atherosclerotic lesions, presenting a novel avenue for precise intervention.